On the schism of Constantinople, see Phranza, (l. ii. c. 17), Laonicus Chalcondyles (l. vi. p. 155, 156,) and Ducas (c. 31); the last of whom writes with truth and freedom. Among the moderns we may distinguish the continuator of Fleury (tom. xxii. p. 338, etc., 401, 420, etc.), and Spondanus (A.D. 1440 - 50). The sense of the latter is drowned in prejudice and passion, as soon as Rome and religion are concerned.